INVESTIGADORES OAXAQUEÑOS
Descubriendo los secretos de la vida de las moléculas
NÉSTOR YURI
DR. JAVIER TOLEDO FLORES
“La química teórica y computacional nos permite adentrarnos en el universo invisible de las moléculas y átomos que componen nuestro mundo. Imagina que en la punta de un alfiler caben cinco billones de ellos. En ese espacio tan pequeño, la química cuántica se convierte en la herramienta fundamental para explorar lo que sucede a nivel molecular”. Así nos lo explica Oscar Jiménez Halla, Doctor en Química Teórica y Computacional, sobre su campo de investigación científica.
¿QUÉ ES LA QUÍMICA CUÁNTICA?
La química cuántica utiliza modelos matemáticos para explicar el comportamiento de átomos y moléculas. Los átomos están compuestos por protones y neutrones en su núcleo, alrededor de los cuales giran los electrones a velocidades impresionantes. Estos electrones se mueven tan rápido que, si pudiéramos verlos, parecería que están en todas partes a la vez. Para describir este comportamiento complejo, los científicos utilizan algo llamado «función de onda», una herramienta matemática propuesta en 1925 por el físico Erwin Schrödinger.
Gracias a la función de onda, los químicos teóricos pueden entender y predecir cómo interactúan las moléculas en las reacciones químicas que ocurren en el medio ambiente. Esta teoría ha permitido avanzar en el conocimiento de conceptos clave de la química, como la aromaticidad, que describe la estabilidad de ciertas estructuras moleculares, y los mecanismos de reacción, que explican cómo y por qué unas moléculas se transforman en otras.
Responder el cómo y el por qué fueron lo que desde niño motivaron su interés por la ciencia y, hasta ahora, el Dr. Jiménez Halla empieza a encontrar algunas de las respuestas que desde niño se planteó mientras acompañaba a su padre, catedrático de Química, a su laboratorio en la Instituto Tecnológico de Oaxaca. Su sueño era convertirse en uno de los mejores químicos del país.
LAS INSTRUCCIONES DE LA NATURALEZA.
Un mecanismo de reacción es como un guion detallado de cómo una molécula se convierte en otra. En cada paso, los átomos se mueven y los electrones se reorganizan para formar nuevas estructuras. Estos procesos ocurren en sólidos, líquidos y gases y son esenciales para producir materiales de gran valor comercial, como plásticos, pigmentos, fibras sintéticas o medicamentos.
Comprender los mecanismos de reacción es crucial, ya que permite a los científicos ajustar las condiciones de una reacción para optimizar el resultado deseado. Por ejemplo, en la fabricación de medicamentos. Saber el camino que siguen las moléculas ayuda a seleccionar la ruta más eficiente, reduciendo costos y tiempo de producción.
EL ESTADO DE TRANSICIÓN.
Para que ocurra una reacción química, las moléculas deben chocar con suficiente energía y en una posición adecuada. Este nivel de energía se llama energía de activación, que permite a las moléculas superar la barrera que separa a los reactivos, los materiales de partida, de los productos, las sustancias resultantes.
En el punto máximo de esta barrera, las moléculas alcanzan el llamado estado de transición. Es un momento inestable en el que las moléculas «deciden» si continuar hacia los productos de la reacción o regresar a su estado original. Henry Eyring, un químico estadounidense nacido en Chihuahua, México, fue uno de los pioneros en describir el estado de transición. Su teoría revolucionó la manera en que entendemos las reacciones químicas, y años más tarde, el químico egipcio Ahmed Zewail utilizó técnicas de láser para «fotografiar» este estado por primera vez, un logro que le valió el Premio Nobel en 1999.
DISEÑANDO EL FUTURO A NIVEL MOLECULAR.
La química teórica y computacional no solo busca entender cómo ocurren las reacciones, sino que también permite diseñar nuevas reacciones. Imaginemos que queremos desarrollar un combustible más eficiente para cohetes o crear nuevos materiales que hagan nuestras tecnologías más avanzadas y sostenibles. Para lograrlo, los químicos necesitan conocer a fondo los mecanismos de reacción, desde los cambios en los enlaces entre átomos hasta el movimiento preciso de los electrones. Estos estudios han llevado al descubrimiento de nuevas estructuras moleculares y enlaces químicos inesperados.
LA AGENCIA DE DETECTIVES DE LAS MOLÉCULAS.
Estudiar química teórica es como investigar la vida personal de las moléculas, observando sus interacciones y secretos más profundos. En un laboratorio, los científicos pueden simular reacciones para anticipar cómo se comportarán en el mundo real. Este conocimiento es invaluable para diseñar nuevos medicamentos, aleaciones más resistentes y materiales avanzados para diversas aplicaciones tecnológicas.
Podríamos pensar en los químicos teóricos como una especie de «agencia de detectives de moléculas», donde cada experimento es una pista hacia nuevos descubrimientos. Su trabajo contribuye a avances en medicina, tecnología y ecología, ayudándonos a entender los fenómenos naturales y a aplicar este conocimiento en beneficio de la humanidad.
UN UNIVERSO DE POSIBILIDADES.
El campo de la química teórica sigue expandiéndose, y cada nuevo descubrimiento abre puertas a aplicaciones que parecían imposibles. Desde crear compuestos que mejoran nuestra salud hasta desarrollar materiales de alta tecnología, esta disciplina está en la frontera de la innovación científica.
La próxima vez que escuche hablar sobre química cuántica, recuerde que no se trata solo de conceptos abstractos; es un esfuerzo continuo por entender y aprovechar las leyes fundamentales que rigen nuestro mundo. Gracias a estos «detectives de moléculas», el futuro se presenta lleno de posibilidades que hasta hace poco eran solo ciencia ficción.
El Dr. Oscar Jiménez Halla es un destacado investigador oaxaqueño trabajando fuera de nuestra tierra. Su esfuerzo personal lo ha llevado a obtener la máxima categoría como investigador en México, el nivel 3, dentro del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores, SNI, y tener el privilegio de publicar numerosos ensayos en revista especializadas a nivel internacional.
La pregunta que de niño se hizo sigue en permanente investigación, como al principio: ¿cómo una molécula se convierte en otra?
Contacto: [email protected]
I am usually to blogging and i actually admire your content. The article has actually peaks my interest. I am going to bookmark your site and keep checking for brand spanking new information.
I do consider all of the ideas you’ve introduced in your post. They’re very convincing and can certainly work. Still, the posts are very brief for newbies. May just you please prolong them a bit from subsequent time? Thank you for the post.
I think other website owners should take this web site as an example , very clean and great user genial layout.
Thanks for your blog post. I would love to say a health insurance dealer also works for the benefit of the particular coordinators of a group insurance policy. The health broker is given an index of benefits needed by a person or a group coordinator. Exactly what a broker does indeed is find individuals and also coordinators which often best complement those wants. Then he presents his referrals and if both sides agree, the broker formulates a contract between the 2 parties.
You can certainly see your skills in the paintings you write. The world hopes for even more passionate writers such as you who aren’t afraid to mention how they believe. Always go after your heart.
I found your weblog website on google and test just a few of your early posts. Proceed to maintain up the superb operate. I just further up your RSS feed to my MSN News Reader. Searching for forward to reading more from you afterward!?
There may be noticeably a bundle to learn about this. I assume you made sure good points in options also.
http://www.arttree.com.au is Australia Popular Online Art Store. We sell Canvas Prints & Handmade Canvas Oil Paintings. We Offer Up-to 70 Percent OFF Discount and FREE Delivery Australia, Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, Hobart and all regional areas.
Currently it sounds like BlogEngine is the best blogging platform available right now. (from what I’ve read) Is that what you are using on your blog?
Thanks for your publication. I also think that laptop computers are becoming more and more popular right now, and now will often be the only kind of computer found in a household. It is because at the same time that they’re becoming more and more economical, their working power is growing to the point where they may be as potent as personal computers through just a few in years past.
I in addition to my pals have been viewing the good information from your web blog and then suddenly I had a terrible feeling I had not thanked the web site owner for them. Those people happened to be as a consequence excited to study them and already have undoubtedly been taking pleasure in these things. Many thanks for being very thoughtful and also for figuring out this form of outstanding things millions of individuals are really desperate to learn about. My personal honest regret for not expressing gratitude to you earlier.
Wow! This could be one particular of the most helpful blogs We have ever arrive across on this subject. Basically Magnificent. I am also a specialist in this topic therefore I can understand your effort.
Thanks for the helpful write-up. It is also my opinion that mesothelioma cancer has an incredibly long latency phase, which means that signs of the disease may well not emerge until 30 to 50 years after the preliminary exposure to asbestos fiber. Pleural mesothelioma, and that is the most common style and has an effect on the area around the lungs, might cause shortness of breath, chest pains, along with a persistent cough, which may produce coughing up blood vessels.
You actually make it appear so easy together with your presentation however I in finding this topic to be really one thing that I feel I would by no means understand. It kind of feels too complicated and extremely large for me. I am looking ahead for your subsequent post, I will attempt to get the hang of it!
I have been exploring for a little bit for any high quality articles or blog posts on this sort of area . Exploring in Yahoo I at last stumbled upon this site. Reading this information So i am happy to convey that I’ve a very good uncanny feeling I discovered exactly what I needed. I most certainly will make sure to do not forget this site and give it a look on a constant basis.
http://www.mybudgetart.com.au is Australia’s Trusted Online Wall Art Canvas Prints Store. We are selling art online since 2008. We offer 1000+ artwork designs, up-to 50 OFF store-wide, Budget Pricing Wall Prints starts from $70, FREE Delivery Australia & New Zealand and World-wide shipping. Order Online your canvas prints today at mybudgetart.com.au
There are definitely plenty of details like that to take into consideration. That is a great point to deliver up. I offer the ideas above as basic inspiration but clearly there are questions just like the one you deliver up the place an important thing will probably be working in trustworthy good faith. I don?t know if best practices have emerged round issues like that, but I am certain that your job is clearly recognized as a fair game. Each boys and girls feel the impact of only a moment?s pleasure, for the rest of their lives.
Thanks for the article. I have continually observed that a majority of people are desperate to lose weight when they wish to show up slim in addition to looking attractive. Nevertheless, they do not often realize that there are additional benefits so that you can losing weight also. Doctors declare that over weight people suffer from a variety of disorders that can be perfectely attributed to their particular excess weight. The good thing is that people who definitely are overweight along with suffering from different diseases can reduce the severity of their illnesses by means of losing weight. It is possible to see a constant but identifiable improvement with health as soon as even a moderate amount of fat reduction is realized.
A lot of whatever you state is astonishingly accurate and that makes me wonder the reason why I had not looked at this in this light previously. This particular article really did turn the light on for me as far as this subject matter goes. But at this time there is actually one particular point I am not necessarily too comfortable with and whilst I try to reconcile that with the main idea of your point, allow me see exactly what the rest of the visitors have to say.Well done.
Hi! I know this is kinda off topic but I’d figured I’d ask. Would you be interested in trading links or maybe guest writing a blog post or vice-versa? My website goes over a lot of the same subjects as yours and I feel we could greatly benefit from each other. If you might be interested feel free to send me an email. I look forward to hearing from you! Wonderful blog by the way!
In this great scheme of things you actually get a B- just for effort. Exactly where you misplaced me personally ended up being in your facts. You know, they say, details make or break the argument.. And that couldn’t be much more accurate here. Having said that, allow me inform you precisely what did give good results. The authoring is actually extremely powerful which is possibly the reason why I am making an effort to comment. I do not really make it a regular habit of doing that. Secondly, although I can certainly notice a jumps in reason you come up with, I am not sure of just how you appear to connect your ideas that help to make the actual conclusion. For right now I shall yield to your issue but trust in the near future you connect your dots much better.
This is really fascinating, You’re an overly professional blogger. I have joined your feed and look ahead to in the hunt for more of your great post. Also, I’ve shared your web site in my social networks!
http://www.factorytapestry.com is a Trusted Online Wall Hanging Tapestry Store. We are selling online art and decor since 2008, our digital business journey started in Australia. We sell 100 made-to-order quality printed soft fabric tapestry which are just too perfect for decor and gifting. We offer Up-to 50 percent OFF Storewide Sale across all the Wall Hanging Tapestries. We provide Fast Shipping USA, CAN, UK, EUR, AUS, NZ, ASIA and Worldwide Delivery across 100+ countries.
Heya i?m for the first time here. I came across this board and I find It truly useful & it helped me out a lot. I hope to give something back and help others like you helped me.
Very good website you have here but I was curious about if you knew of any forums that cover the same topics talked about here? I’d really like to be a part of group where I can get comments from other experienced individuals that share the same interest. If you have any recommendations, please let me know. Appreciate it!
Another issue is that video gaming became one of the all-time greatest forms of excitement for people of any age. Kids engage in video games, plus adults do, too. Your XBox 360 is among the favorite video games systems for many who love to have a lot of games available to them, and who like to relax and play live with other folks all over the world. Thank you for sharing your ideas.
Thanks for the guidelines you have contributed here. Yet another thing I would like to say is that pc memory demands generally rise along with other advances in the technological know-how. For instance, when new generations of processor chips are introduced to the market, there is certainly usually a matching increase in the scale preferences of both computer system memory along with hard drive space. This is because the program operated through these cpus will inevitably boost in power to benefit from the new engineering.
I would love to add that if you do not actually have an insurance policy or maybe you do not belong to any group insurance, chances are you’ll well gain from seeking the aid of a health broker. Self-employed or those with medical conditions ordinarily seek the help of a health insurance specialist. Thanks for your post.